Mineral resources play a very important role in the industrial development of the State. In terms of mineral availability Madhya Pradesh is the fourth mineral prosperous state of the Nation. According to the development needs the demand of minerals increases together with industrial development. Continuous work is being done by the Mineral Resources Department through conservation, exploration and continuous monitoring on exploitation of minerals under the Rules valid by the Law. Exploitation of some minerals is also being carried out by Madhya Pradesh Mining Corporation, which is constituted under the Mineral Resources Department. The tasks being operated by the Department are increasing the State fiscal revenue continuously and paths are also being paved for discovery of new mineral deposits.

Responsibilities of the Department is Mineral exploration and administrative works under the Directorate of Geology and Mining which is working under the Mineral Resources Department. In terms of mineral prosperity, the State is one of the 8 mineral affluent states of the nation. Currently 20 kinds of minerals are being produced in the State. Along with having a monopoly in diamond production in the Country, the State has also got first position in Manganese, Pyrophyllite and Copper ore production. In addition, the State possesses the second position in production of Diaspore, Rock - Phosphate, Shell and Fire Clay and Third position in the production of Limestone and Ocher. The State has fourth position in Coal production in the National scenario.